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高考英语完形填空题考查考生综合运用英语知识的能力。整个题型分为两节：第一节就是阅读一段240--280词的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项；第二节就是语法填空题，在一段短文中留出10个空，根据给出的词或不给词的句义和结构，填出正确形式的单词。

本文讲解高考英语完形填空题的特点、设题方式、解题技巧与2025年高考全国一卷完形填空题解析，希望对2026年高考生有所启发和帮助。

一、题型特点（Characteristics）

1.短文文本：短文长度一般240-280词，多为记叙文、夹叙夹议，设15个空（全国一卷2025年为15空），挖词间距15--18，首句多不设空。

2. 考点设置：突出语篇，70%以上题目需上下文判断；实词为主（名、动、形、副约90%），虚词为辅。

3. 命题特征：侧重语境词义辨析、固定搭配、逻辑关系，弱化纯语法，强调综合语言运用。

二、设题方式（Question Patterns）

1. 词义辨析题：多为形近/义近实词，需结合语境判断，如45题valuable（贵重的）。

2. 固定搭配题：动词+介词/副词、形容词+介词、名词+介词等，如leave sth. stuffed with（使某物塞满）。

3. 逻辑关系题：转折、因果、并列、递进、让步，常以连词/副词设空，如while表转折。

4. 语篇复现题：原词、同义、反义、同根词复现，帮助衔接语义。

5. 语法运用题：时态、非谓语、从句引导词等，嵌入语境考查。

三、解题技巧（Solving Skilks）

1. 三读流程法。一是跳读：读首尾句抓主线，不纠结空格，30秒概览主旨。二是细读：逐空试填，遇难先标记，优先用复现/搭配/逻辑突破。三是复读：代入答案通读，检查语义连贯与逻辑闭环，修正错选。

2. 词语复现法。一是原词复现：找上下文重复词，如42题place对应apartment。同义/近义：如empty与clear、stuffed与filled。二是反义词：如valuable与useless、happy与sad。三是同根词：如use与useful、help与helpful。

3. 搭配锁定法。一是动词短语：look for/search for（寻找）、give away（赠送）。二是介词短语：in addition（此外）、in spite of（尽管）。三是名词搭配：a place to store（储物处）、a feeling of joy（喜悦感）。四是形容词搭配：be valuable to（对…有价值）、be stuffed with（塞满）。

4. 逻辑推理法。一是转折关系（but/ however/ while）：前后语义相反，如while not particularly valuable…didn’t belong in a landfill。二是因果关系（because /so / thus）：前因后果，如we were moving→emptying out things。三是并列（and/or/as well as）：前后结构/语义平行，如free and appreciated。四是递进（besides/ furthermore）：语义升级，如not only avoid waste but also feel happy。

5. 情感色彩法。标注并辨认褒贬词（happy/ sad、valuable /useless），排除与作者态度矛盾的选项，如末题appreciating（褒义）契合语境。

6. 逐项排除法。先排明显语义/搭配错误项，缩小范围再比对，如44题排除covered/equipped，锁定stuffed。

7. 文化适配法。注意西方社交/环保等文化价值观，如free giveaways体现资源再利用理念。

8. 角色代入法。代入作者视角，理解心理与行为，如搬家清理物品时的取舍心态。

四、2025全国一卷英语完形填空（含答案、前5题详尽解析，文末附有原题）

（一） 原文主旨：搬家清理物品，将不带走的东西免费赠送，收获快乐。

（二） 典型题答案与前5题解析

1. 41题（动词）：答案 C. emptying out。由we were moving（搬家）可知需“清空”物品，排除packing /collecting /fixing。

2. 42题（名词）：答案D. apartment。下文in town与apartment呼应，排除hotel/office/cottage。

3. 43题（动词）：答案A. store。租地方是为“储存”物品，搭配a place to store，排除sell/donate/sort。

4. 44题（形容词）：答案C. stuffed。leave the house stuffed with things（房子塞满东西），固定搭配，排除covered /equipped /connected。

5. 45题（形容词）：答案B. valuable。while表转折，“虽不特别贵重，但不该去垃圾场”，锁定valuable，排除useful/ cheap/ necessary。

（因篇幅所限，46--55题解析略，答案见原题后；考生可以实操练*解题）

附：2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国一卷）英语·完形填空原题

第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.

My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42 we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44 with things that, while not particularly 45, didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).

I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 46, another asking for a price cut. As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 48: “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.

49, I posted more items—old books, a used bicycle, a set of dishes. The daily posts and the 50 I received became a ray of light in the chaos of packing. Each exchange offered a chance to 51 the landfill and bring someone joy, connecting me with people I might not have 52 otherwise.

Today, our new home feels warm and uncluttered. I cherish every item that shares our small space, knowing the 53 we let go of found new lives elsewhere. It turns out that giving away what we no longer need isn’t just about clearing space—it’s about taking 54 in knowing something that couldn’t come with us is being 55 by someone who truly wants it.

41. A. painting over

B. looking around

C. emptying out

D. pulling down

42. A. hotel

B. office

C. cottage

D. apartment

43. A. store

B. display

C. sell

D. repair

44. A. covered

B. decorated

C. stuffed

D. equipped

45. A. conventional

B. valuable

C. complicated

D. tolerable

46. A. fees

B. photos

C. receipts

D. models

47. A. move

B. pay

C. market

D. work

48. A. warning

B. request

C. description

D. reply

49. A. Confused

B. Interested

C. Disappointed

D. Encouraged

50. A. visits

B. reports

C. advice

D. money

51. A. remove

B. spare

C. find

D. check

52. A. investigated

B. recognized

C. encountered

D. recommended

53. A. giveaways

B. posts

C. contributions

D. belongings

54. A. joy

B. part

C. care

D. time

55. A. anticipating

B. appreciating

C. delivering

D. withdrawing

参考答案：41-45 CDACB 46-50 BACDA 51-55 BCDAB

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